Snap Judgment: The Legal and Investment Issues Associated with Non-Voting Stock

Tuesday, April 24, 2018, 9:30 AM to 1:00 PM @Gore Recital Hall, CFA : 

Co-sponsored with Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

While dual-class stock has existed at companies for some time, Snap’s issuance of non- voting stock has raised new concerns. The corporate governance and legal implications have been at the forefrontof the investor, regulator and governance conversation for the better part of the past year. Using Snap as a backdrop, we invite you to a roundtable discussion on issues and questions regarding the use of stock with limited or no voting rights, such as: the benefits and risks posed by such shares; the effect on good corporate governance; the effect on capital formation; and whether the courts’ application of the business judgement rule to director conduct in such organizations remains appropriate. These are issues that apply both to companies with non-voting shares and to dual-class stock companies. This roundtable, comprised of experts from all sides of the debate, will discuss these and other related issues.

The confirmed participants are:

  • Donna F. Anderson, Vice President and Head of Global Corporate Governance,   T. Rowe Price
  • James Andrus, Investment Manager, CalPERS Investments, Execution Services & Strategy
  • David J. Berger, Partner, Litigation, Wilson, Sonsini, Goodrich & Rosati
  • Ken Bertsch, Executive Director, Council of Institutional Investors
  • Richard M. Brand, Partner and Co-Chairman of the Corporate Group, Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP
  • P. Clarkson Collins, Jr., Partner and Chair of the Litigation Practice Group, Morris James LLP
  • Craig K. Ferrere, Former Edgar S. Woolard Fellow in Corporate Governance, John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance
  • George S. Georgiev, Assistant Professor of Law, Emory University School of Law
  • Henry T.C. Hu, Allan Shivers Chair in the Law of Banking and Finance, University of Texas Law School
  • The Honorable Gary F. Traynor, Justice, Delaware Supreme Court
  • Moderator: Charles M. Elson, Edgar S. Woolard, Jr., Chair of Corporate Governance; Director of the John L. Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance; and Professor of Finance

Program Materials

1.  Snap’s Not Looking to Chat with Shareholders” by Charles Elson and Craig Ferrere, Directors & Boards, Fourth Quarter 2017

2. “Unequal Voting and the Business Judgment Rule” by Charles Elson  and Craig Ferrere, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation (April 7, 2018)

3.  T. Rowe Price Proxy Voting Guidelines

4. Henry T. C. Hu and Bernard Black, Equity and Debt Decoupling and Empty Voting II: Importance and Extensions, 156 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 625-739 (2008)

5. “Putting the spotlight on Spotify: Why have stocks with unequal voting rights outperformed?”, Dimitris Melas, Managing Director and Global Head of Core Equity Research, MSCI Blog (April 2018)

6.  CII Dual Class Companies List (as of January 2018)

7.  CII Time-Based Sunset Approaches to Dual-Class Stock (March 27, 2018)

8.  CII Explainer of Academic Literature on Multi-Class Structures and Firm Value (April 11, 2018)

9.  “Are Dual-Class Companies Harmful to Stockholders? A Preliminary Review of the Evidence,” David J. Berger (Wilson Sonsini) and Laurie Simon Hodrick (Stanford law School), , Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation (April 15, 2018)

10.   Recommendation of  the SEC’s Investor Advisory Committee Dual Class and Other Entrenching Governance Structures in Public Companies

11.   Speech by SEC Commissioner Robert Jackson, “Perpetual Dual-Class Stock: The Case Against Corporate Royalty” (February 15, 2018)

Related Articles

“The Pros & Cons of the Dual-Class Stock Structure: Twocorporate governance experts battle it out,” Directors & Boards, Augsut 16, 2018

2018 Corporate Governance Symposium

Tuesday, March 6, 2018, 8:15 AM to 4:30 PM @Clayton Hall, University of Delaware : 

Co-sponsored with the Department of Finance, Alfred Lerner College of Business & Economics

The Symposium will begin with the John L. Weinberg Distinguished Speaker:Ed Garden, Chief Investment Officer and Founding Partner, Trian Fund Management L.P.The speaker portion of the program will be from 9:30 am to 10:15 am.  The speaker will be followed by a panel who will focus on the most critical governance issues for boards and investors in 2018. The Symposium will provide attendees with cutting edge governance discussion and debate. 

The Panel participants are:

  • Donna F. Anderson, Vice President and Head of Global Corporate Governance, T. Rowe Price
  • Lydia I. Beebe, Director, Kansas City Southern and Aemetis Inc.
  • Glenn Booraem, Investment Stewardship Officer, Vanguard
  • Margaret (Peggy) Foran, Chief Governance Officer, Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary, Prudential Financial, Inc.
  • Michael Garland, Assistant Comptroller – Corporate Governance and Responsible Investment, Office of New York City Comptroller
  • David A. Katz, Partner, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz
  • Patrick S. McGurn, Special Counsel and Head of Strategic Research and Analysis, Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc.
  • Eric Shostal, Vice President, Investment Stewardship, BlackRock
  • Myron T. Steele, Partner, Potter Anderson & Corroon, LLP; and former Chief Justice, Delaware Supreme Court
  • Carol J. Ward, Vice President and Corporate Secretary, Mondelēz International Inc.

Moderator:  Charles M. Elson, Edgar S. Woolard, Jr., Chair of Corporate Governance, Director of the Weinberg Center and Professor of Finance

The Symposium will continue with a lunch and a luncheon speaker – a conversation with The Honorable Karen L. Valihura, Justice, Delaware Supreme Court, interviewed by Margaret (Peggy) Foran, Chief Governance Officer, Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary, Prudential Financial, Inc.

This will be followed by the presentation of two academic papers on topics that are of critical importance to boards and institutional investors today.  The academic papers being presented are:

For other mentions of this paper, see:

Discussant:Laura Field, Chairperson, Department of Finance, Donald J. Puglisi Professor of Finance, Alfred Lerner College of Business an Economics, University of Delaware

Discussant:  Albert Choi, Albert C. BeVier Research Professor of Law, University of Virginia, School of Law

For other mentions of this paper, see:

To register, click HERE

Copy of the Call for Papers

2018 Symposium Agenda (subject to change)

Materials

1.  BlackRock

2. T.Rowe Price Engagement Policy3.  Vanguard

4.  New York City Comptroller

5.  Prudential Financial, Inc.

6.  Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz memos

2018 Corporate Governance Symposium Highlights

On March 6, 2018, the 2018 Corporate Governance Symposium took place which focused on “Governance Issues of Critical Importance to Board and Investors in 2018.”

John L. Weinberg Distinguished Speaker – Ed Garden, Chief Investment Officer and Founding Partner, Trian Fund Management L.P.

The John L. Weinberg Distinguished Speaker, Ed Garden, Chief Investment Officer and Founding Partner, Trian Fund Management L.P., was interviewed by Charles Elson, Director of the Weinberg Center. For more information, view the video.

Panel

A panel comprised of investors, directors, board advisors and a representative from ISS focused on the most critical governance issues in 2018.  For more information, view the video regarding the panel.

Luncheon Conversation – The Honorable Karen L. Valihura, Justice, Delaware Supreme Court

The luncheon address was a conversation with The Honorable Karen L. Valihura, Justice, Delaware Supreme Court, interviewed by Peggy Foran, Chief Governance Officer, Senior Vice President and Corporate Secretary, Prudential Financial, Inc.  For more information, view the video.

Academic Papers and Additional information

Two academic papers were presented at the Symposium and the John L. Weinberg Best Paper award was presented to Yaron Nili for his paper, Beyond the Numbers: Substantive Gender Diversity in Boardrooms.

Read more about the Symposium, including the participants, materials and papers presented, that were presented.

Weinberg Center Hosts Discussion on the Impact of FRB Sanctions on the Financial Services Industry and What Boards at Financial Services and All Public Companies Need to Know

The Weinberg Center recently hosted a discussion on the impact of Federal Reserve Board sanctions on the financial services industry and what boards at all financial services companies and all public companies need to know. Participating in the discussion were the following;

  • David Wright is Managing Director, Banking and Capital Markets at Deloitte & Touche LLP.  In this role, he advises financial institutions on regulatory matters, with a particular focus on implementation of Dodd-Frank enhanced prudential standards as well as supervisory expectations for risk management.  Prior to joining Deloitte, he served in numerous roles within the Federal Reserve in Washington D.C. and San Francisco over the span of 23 years.  Prior to joining the Federal Reserve, he was Vice President at First Boston Inc.
  • Kim Hains is an independent Senior Advisor to Deloitte & Touche LLP.  Kim most recently had a dual role at Bank of America, as both the global technology and operations, business controls executive and the enterprise non-financial regulatory reporting executive. In these roles, Kim was responsible for defining and deploying common risk management processes, tools, metrics, and learning curriculums, risk governance and reporting, and establishing enterprise-wide oversight of all non-financial regulatory reporting obligations.  Kim helped redefine Bank of America’s Global Compliance function as a second line defense to ensure compliance across all lines of business. 
  • Myron Steele is a Partner at Potter, Anderson & Corroon and is the former Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. Previously, he served as a Judge of the Superior Court and a Vice Chancellor of the Delaware Court of Chancery after eighteen years in private litigation practice. He has presided over major corporate litigation and LLC and limited partner governance disputes, and writes frequently on issues of corporate document interpretation and corporate governance.
  • Charles Elson, Director of the Weinberg Center, moderated the discussion.  Professor Elson is also Edgar S. Woolard, Jr., Chair in Corporate Governance and Professor of Finance at the University of Delaware. 

    For more information about the impact of the Federal Reserve sanctions, including the complete bios of the discussion participants and additional materials, click to go to the Video Event page.

Telling Your Company’s Story: The Board’s Role in Disclosure

Tuesday, October 24, 2017, 9:30 AM to 1:00 PM

@Gore Recital Hall, CFA : 

While the SEC’s recent focus on non-GAAP measures has garnered attention in the boardroom, it is only one example of increased attention from regulators and others, including shareholders, on the Board’s role in telling a company’s story through disclosure oversight and engagement.

This panel will explore:

  1. Legal boundaries for directors: What is the fiduciary duty of the board in the oversight of disclosure?
  2. Board best practices in the oversight of disclosure: How and when does the board become involved? What are the audit, compensation and governance committees’ roles? What is the role of the management disclosure committee?  How does the audit committee interact with the management disclosure committee? What is the board’s oversight role in:
    1. On-going regular company disclosures (e.g., 10-Ks, 10-Qs, 8-Ks, earnings releases)
    2. When the board itself generates the information (e.g., board policies re diversity, director independence, board structure, CEO compensation, etc.)
    3. Information where the board has a special level of responsibility (e.g., risk oversight, ESG, sustainability disclosures, MD&A trends)
    4. When the disclosure itself is the substance (i.e., financial statements, non-GAAP)
  3. The investor perspective: What do shareholders want to see from boards in their oversight of disclosure and in their own committee reports? Has the increase in investor and director engagement affected disclosure?
  4. SEC Disclosure Effectiveness: What are the new administration’s priorities for the SEC’s Disclosure Effectiveness Initiative?


The participants include:

  • Eileen R. Cohen, Managing Director, US Equity, JPMorgan Asset Management
  • Robert Evans III, Chief of the Office of International Corporate Finance, Division of Corporation Finance, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
  • Margaret (Peggy) M. Foran, Chair of the Occidental Petroleum Compensation Committee; and Chief Governance Officer, SVP and Corporate Secretary, Prudential Financial, Inc.
  • Cynthia M. Fornelli, Executive Director, Center for Audit Quality
  • Douglas L. Maine, Limited Partner and Senior Advisor for Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.; Director, Audit Committee Chair, and member of the P&C Committee, Orbital-ATK Inc.; Director, Audit Committee Chair, and member of the N&G Committee, BroadSoft, Inc.; Director and member of the Audit and N&G Committees, Albemarle, Inc.
  • The Honorable John W. Noble, Partner, Morris James LLP; former Vice Chancellor, Delaware Court of Chancery
  • Sharon A. Virag, Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, AETNA
  • John W. White, Partner, Corporate Department, and Chair of Corporate Governance & Board Advisory Practice, Cravath Swaine & Moore LLP

Moderator: Charles M. Elson, Director of the Weinberg Center, Edgar S. Woolard Chair in Corporate Governance, and Professor of Finance, University of Delaware

Materials

Prudential Financial 2017 Proxy Statement

2016 Audit Committee Transparency Barometer

2017 Audit Committee Transparency Barometer

Non-GAAP Financial Measures – Continuing the Conversation

PCAOB Release No. 2017-001, the Auditor’s Report on an Audit of the Financial Statements When the Auditor Expresses and Unqualified Opinion, and related Amendments

Articles

UDaily Pre-event Article

UDaily Post Event Article

CAQ Snapshot – December 2017

Center for Audit Quality Host Program: Telling Your Company’s Story: The Board’s Role in Disclosure

On October 24, 2017, the Weinberg Center co-hosted with the Center for Audit Quality ­­­­­a roundtable discussion, “Telling Your Company’s Story:  The Board’s Role in Disclosure.”

While the SEC’s recent focus on non-GAAP measures has garnered attention in the boardroom, it is only one example of increased attention from regulators and others, including shareholders, on the Board’s role in telling a company’s story through disclosure oversight and engagement.  The roundtable explored: legal boundaries for directors; board best practices in the oversight of disclosure; the investor perspective; SEC Disclosure Effectiveness.   The participants included:

  • Eileen R. Cohen, Managing Director, US Equity, JPMorgan Asset Management
  • Robert Evans III, Chief of the Office of International Corporate Finance, Division of Corporation Finance, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
  • Margaret (Peggy) M. Foran, Chair of the Occidental Petroleum Compensation Committee; and Chief Governance Officer, SVP and Corporate Secretary, Prudential Financial, Inc.
  • Cynthia M. Fornelli, Executive Director, Center for Audit Quality
  • Douglas L. Maine, Limited Partner and Senior Advisor for Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.; Director, Audit Committee Chair, and member of the P&C Committee, Orbital-ATK Inc.; Director, Audit Committee Chair, and member of the N&G Committee, BroadSoft, Inc.; Director and member of the Audit and N&G Committees, Albemarle, Inc.
  • The Honorable John W. Noble, Partner, Morris James LLP; former Vice Chancellor, Delaware Court of Chancery
  • Sharon A. Virag, Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, AETNA
  • John W. White, Partner, Corporate Department, and Chair of Corporate Governance & Board Advisory Practice, Cravath Swaine & Moore LLP

Moderator: Charles M. Elson, Director of the Weinberg Center, Edgar S. Woolard Chair in Corporate Governance, and Professor of Finance, University of Delaware

For more information about the program and to see the program materials, go Here.